Comparative Transient Air-Flow Analysis for Integral  Coach Factory (ICF) and Linke Hofmann Busch (LHB)  Railway Coaches

sarthak deshmukh; ronak nikam; sanskar waghmare; yash kondekar; sudesh powar

doi:10.37367/jrtt.v3i1.32

Authors

sarthak deshmukh School of Mechanical Engineering, MIT Academy of Engineering, Alandi(D), India
ronak nikam School of Mechanical Engineering, MIT Academy of Engineering, Alandi(D), India
sanskar waghmare School of Mechanical Engineering, MIT Academy of Engineering, Alandi(D), India
yash kondekar School of Mechanical Engineering, MIT Academy of Engineering, Alandi(D), India
sudesh powar School of Mechanical Engineering, MIT Academy of Engineering, Alandi(D), India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37367/jrtt.v3i1.32

Keywords:

indian railways, air-conditioning, computational fluid dynamic (CFD), thernal comfort analysis, heat load calculations

Abstract

Air-conditioning is a critical passenger comfort amenity on the Air-conditioned Indian Railways coaches. According to the data available, the Comfort Range (tolerance), and Comfort Zone (for FTA) are 23±1°C, ±5% RH, 23°C to 25°C all the time, anywhere and everywhere. The standard LHB (Linke Hofmann Busch) and ICF (Integral Coach Factory) - 2A coaches’ compartments of the Indian Railways are taken into consideration for the simulations and heat load calculations are performed on the complete coach. The inside temperature of the coach was determined to be between 300 K and 303 K for LHB and ICF coaches respectively and the time required for the inlet air (294-296K) to reach the thermal comfort temperature (298K) of 25°C was recognized. It was found that the time taken to reach the comfort temperature in an ICF and LHB coach is 310 sec and 163 sec respectively. From heat load calculations it can be stated that the ICF coach has a TR of 7.4217 Tons while the LHB coach has 8.2 Tons.

References

Mohammad Aliahmadipour, Morteza Abdolzadeh, Khosro Lari, Air flow simulation of HVAC system in compartment of a passenger coach, Applied Thermal Engineering, Volume 123, 2017, Pages 973-990,

ISSN 1359-4311, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appltherm aleng.2017.05.086

Buonocore, Carolina , De Vecchi, Renata, Scalco, Veridiana, Lamberts, Roberto Thermal preference and comfort assessment in air-conditioned and naturally-ventilated university classrooms under hot and humid conditions in Brazil 211 10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.109783 JO - Energy and Buildings.

Palmowska, Agnieszka and Sarna, Izabela. "CFD Modelling of Thermal Comfort in the Passenger Coach" Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment, vol.15, no.4, 2022,pp.133-146. https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-20 22-0044

Nastase I., Danca P., Bode F., Croitoru C., Fechete L., Sandu M. Coşoiue I, C. (2022). A regard on the thermal comfort theories from the standpoint of Electric Vehicle design — Review and perspectives, Energy Reports, 8, 10501–10517.

Chunling Qi, Yaxin Helian, Jiying Liu, Linhua Zhang, Experiment Study on the Thermal Comfort inside a Car Passenger Compartment, Procedia Engineering,Volume 205, 2017, Pages3607-3614,ISSN 1877-7058 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng .2017.10.211.20

Xiaojiang Ye, Hongli Lu, Dong Li, Biying Sun & Yuanmou Liu (2004) Thermal Comfort and Air Quality in Passenger Rail Cars, International Journal of Ventilation, 3:2, 183-192, DOI: 10.1080/14733315.2004.11683913

Kofi Owura Amoabeng, Richard Opoku, Samuel Boahen, George Yaw Obeng, Analysis of indoor set- point temperature of split-type ACs on thermal comfort and energy savings for office buildings in hot- humid climates, Energy and Built Environment, Volume 4, Issue 3, 2023, Pages 368-376, ISSN2666- 1233, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbenv .2022.02.006.

Alhassan, Musa & Aliyu, Aliyu & Mishra, Rakesh & Mian, Naeem. S.. (2021). Air Quality Management in Railway Coaches. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMIAM54 662.2021.9715208

Chala, Girma, Joe, Lee Maárof, M. 2021/03/31. Investigation of Cooling Condition of a Room with Air-

Conditioning Working Concurrently with Air Supply and Discharge Systems – A Case Study

S. Z. Mohd, “Case Study on Solar Air Conditioning Absorption System”, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia, 2017

K. Karthik, Mr. S Mohamed Nasrulla, T. Kamesh Raj, N. Karthick, S. Krishnakanth (2021) “COMPARATIVE CFD ANALYSIS ON CONDITIONED AIR FLOW AND TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN METRO TRAIN FOR DIFFERENT CITIES OF INDIA ”, International Journal of

Modern Agriculture, 10(1), pp. 245 – 256

ASHRAE, Standard 55-Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy, ASHRAE Inc, Atlanta, 1992.

Barone, G., Buonomano, A., Forzano, C., & Palombo, A. (2020). Enhancing trains envelope – heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems: A new dynamic simulation approach for energy, economic, environmental impact, and thermal comfort analyses. Energy, 204, 117833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy. 2020.117833

L. Pang, J. Zhang, X. Wan Yan, et al., Field study of neutrality cabin temperature for Chinese passenger in economy class of civil aircraft, J. Therm. Biol. 78 (2018) 312–319

https://ser.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1514285051142-Rehresh er%20Course%20book.pdf

https://indianrailways.gov.in/rai lwayboard/uploads/DATA/AKA SH/PWP.pdf

Zhiyuan Chang, Ke Yi, Weiwei Liu, A new ventilation mode of air conditioning in subway vehicles and its air distribution performance, Energy and Built Environment, Volume 2, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 94-104,

ISSN 2666-1233, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbenv .2020.06.005.

J. F. Karlsson and B. Moshfegh, “Investigation of indoor climate and power usage in a data center,” Energy and Buildings, vol. 37, no. 10, pp. 1075–1083, 2005.

J. Cho, T. Lim, and B. S. Kim, “Measurements and predictions of the air distribution systems in high compute density (Internet) data centers,” Energy and Buildings, vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 1107–1115, 2009.

L. Yang, M. Ye, and B.-J. he, “CFD simulation research on residential indoor air quality,” Science of the Total Environment, vol. 472, pp. 1137–1144, 2014.

Qinghe Yao , 1 Hang Bai,1 Trevor Hocksun Kwan,1 and Kiwamu Kase2 . A Parametric Study and Optimization of an Air Conditioning System for a Heat-Loaded Room. Hindawi .Mathematical Problems in Engineering Volume 2018, Article ID 2385691, 10 page https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2385691

Weiwei Liu, Qihong Deng, Wenjie Huang, Rui Liu, Variation in cooling load of a moving air-conditioned train compartment under the effects of ambient conditions and body thermal storage, Applied Thermal

Engineering, Volume 31, Issues 6–7, 2011, Pages 1150-1162, ISSN 1359-4311, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appltherm aleng.2010.12.010.

JOUR Tangchirapat, Weerachart Lee, Minhyung Park, Gwanyong Park, Changyoung Kim, Changmin 2020 2020/12/24 Improvement of Grid Independence Test for Computational Fluid Dynamics Model of Building Based on Grid Resolution 8827936 2020

R. Zhang, Y. Zhang, K. P. Lam, and D. H. Archer, “A prototype mesh generation tool for CFD simulations in architecture domain,” Building and Environment, vol. 45, no. 10, pp. 2253–2262, 2010.

JOUR Tangchirapat, Weerachart Lee, Minhyung Park, Gwanyong Park, Changyoung Kim, Changmin 2020 2020/12/24 Improvement of Grid Independence Test for Computational Fluid Dynamics Model of Building Based on Grid Resolution 8827936 2020

J. Tu, G. H. Yeoh, and C. Liu, Computational Fluid Dynamics: A Practical Approach, Butterworth- Heinemann, Oxford, UK, 2018.

Andrzej Raczkowski 1,* , Zbigniew Suchorab1 , and Przemysław Brzyski2 . Computational fluid dynamics simulation of thermal comfort in a naturally ventilated room. MATEC Web of Conferences 252, 04007 (2019). CMES. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecco nf/201925204007

Liu Y, Long Z, Liu W. A semi-empirical mesh strategy for CFD simulation of indoor airflow. Indoor and Built Environment. 2022;31(9):2240-2256. doi:10.1177/1420326X221089825